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Contents

7 min read

Why Your NAD+ Levels Decline with Age (and What to Do About It)

Written by Nicole P

Health content writer

Reviewed by Dr. Brian Ramos

PhD Neurobiology at Yale university

Ever wonder why you don't bounce back from late nights like you used to? Or why that afternoon energy crash seems to hit harder each year? The answer might lie in a molecule you've probably never heard of: NAD+.

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is one of the most critical molecules in your cells, yet its levels decline dramatically as you age, dropping by as much as 50% by the time you're 60. Understanding why this happens and what you can do about it could be the key to maintaining your energy, focus, and cellular health for decades to come - which is exactly what Tmrw is designed to help you achieve.


What Is NAD+ and Why Does It Matter?

NAD+ isn't just another cellular molecule, it's essentially your body's energy currency. Every cell in your body depends on NAD+ to convert food into usable energy through a process called cellular respiration. But its role goes far beyond energy production.

NAD+ is also crucial for:

  • DNA repair: Activating enzymes that fix daily cellular damage

  • Cellular communication: Helping cells respond to stress and environmental changes

  • Metabolic regulation: Controlling how your body processes nutrients

  • Circadian rhythm maintenance: Keeping your internal clock synchronized

When NAD+ levels are sufficient, these processes function efficiently. When they decline, cellular function deteriorates across multiple systems.


The Science Behind NAD+ Decline

Research has consistently shown that NAD+ levels drop significantly with age across multiple species, from yeast to mice to humans. This isn't just correlation; it's one of the most reliable biomarkers of aging.

Why NAD+ Levels Drop

Several factors contribute to age-related NAD+ decline:

Increased consumption: As we age, our cells experience more stress and damage, requiring more NAD+ for repair processes. Enzymes like PARPs (poly ADP-ribose polymerases) consume massive amounts of NAD+ when repairing DNA damage.

Reduced synthesis: The cellular machinery that produces NAD+ becomes less efficient over time. Key enzymes in the NAD+ biosynthesis pathway decline, making it harder for cells to maintain adequate levels.

Enhanced degradation: Enzymes that break down NAD+, particularly CD38, become more active with age and inflammation. This creates a double hit: less production and more breakdown.

Metabolic shifts: Age-related changes in metabolism can redirect cellular resources away from NAD+ production pathways.



The Consequences of NAD+ Decline

When NAD+ levels drop, the effects ripple throughout your entire system:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction: Your cellular powerhouses can't produce energy efficiently

  • Impaired DNA repair: Accumulated cellular damage that would normally be fixed goes unrepaired

  • Metabolic slowdown: Your body becomes less efficient at processing nutrients and maintaining healthy weight

  • Circadian disruption: Sleep patterns become irregular, affecting recovery and hormone production

  • Reduced stress resilience: Cells become less capable of adapting to environmental challenges


Natural Ways to Support NAD+ Levels

The good news is that NAD+ decline isn't inevitable. Several evidence-based strategies can help maintain and even boost your levels:

Lifestyle Approaches

Intermittent fasting: Time-restricted eating patterns can naturally boost NAD+ levels by activating cellular stress response pathways. Even a 12-14 hour overnight fast can be beneficial.

Regular exercise: Both aerobic and resistance training have been shown to increase NAD+ production, particularly in muscle tissue. The key is consistency rather than intensity.

Heat exposure: Sauna sessions and other forms of mild heat stress can activate pathways that support NAD+ synthesis.

Quality sleep: Maintaining healthy circadian rhythms helps preserve the natural daily fluctuations in NAD+ levels that are crucial for cellular function.

Stress management: Chronic stress accelerates NAD+ depletion, so practices like meditation, deep breathing, or yoga can help preserve levels.


Nutritional Support

NAD+ precursors: Your body can synthesize NAD+ from several precursor molecules found in food:

  • Tryptophan: Found in turkey, eggs, and dairy

  • Niacin (B3): Present in meat, fish, and fortified grains

  • Nicotinamide riboside: Found in small amounts in milk and some vegetables

Supporting nutrients: Several vitamins and minerals are required for optimal NAD+ synthesis:

  • B-complex vitamins: Essential cofactors for NAD+ production pathways

  • Magnesium: Required for over 300 enzymatic reactions, including those involved in NAD+ metabolism

  • Zinc: Supports the enzymes involved in NAD+ biosynthesis


Advanced Supplementation

While lifestyle and nutrition form the foundation, the reality is that food sources and natural production are not be sufficient to counteract age-related NAD+ decline. 

While NMN is present in foods like broccoli, cabbage, and avocados, you'd need to eat about 1,000 heads of broccoli to match the dose provided by a single NMN supplement! This is where targeted supplementation with NAD+ precursors like NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) becomes essential for maintaining optimal cellular function.

NMN supplement is particularly promising because it's one step closer to NAD+ in the biosynthetic pathway compared to other precursors. Studies in the 10+ over human trials have shown that NMN supplementation can:

  • Increase NAD+ levels in various tissues

  • Support mitochondrial function and energy production

  • Enhance exercise capacity and endurance

  • Support healthy aging markers

 

The Bigger Picture: NAD+ and Longevity

NAD+ decline isn't just about feeling tired: it's fundamentally connected to the aging process itself. Research has identified NAD+ decline as one of the key hallmarks of aging, alongside other factors like cellular senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction.

By supporting healthy NAD+ levels, you're not just addressing symptoms of aging; you're targeting one of the root causes. This systems-level approach aligns with the growing understanding that healthy aging and aging energy loss requires addressing cellular function rather than just treating individual symptoms.


The Future of NAD+ Research

The field of NAD+ research is rapidly evolving, with new studies regularly revealing additional roles for this crucial molecule. Current research is exploring:

  • Tissue-specific effects of NAD+ restoration

  • Optimal timing and dosing strategies for NAD+ precursors

  • Combination approaches that target multiple aging pathways simultaneously

  • Biomarkers for tracking NAD+ status and cellular health


Support Your Cellular Energy with Tmrw

Understanding NAD+ decline is powerful knowledge, but taking action is what creates real change in your cellular health and longevity.

Tmrw combines NMN with synergistic compounds like Pterostilbene, CoQ10, and B-complex vitamins, each chosen for their role in supporting NAD+ production and mitochondrial function. This isn't just about supplementing one pathway; it's about creating an environment where your cells can thrive.

Unlike standalone NMN supplements, Tmrw’s formula addresses multiple aspects of cellular energy production:

  • NMN for direct NAD+ precursor support

  • Pterostilbene for enhanced bioavailability and antioxidant protection

  • CoQ10 for mitochondrial energy production

  • Taurine for cellular protection and energy metabolism

  • B-complex vitamins as essential cofactors for NAD+ synthesis

Every ingredient is backed by clinical research and dosed at effective levels, because your cellular health deserves more than token amounts of trendy compounds.

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